Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia, a group of symptoms affecting cognitive abilities. The exact cause of Alzheimer’s is still unclear, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The disease is characterized by the buildup of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain, which disrupt normal brain function and communication between cells.
Early symptoms of Alzheimer’s include memory loss, particularly forgetting recently learned information, confusion about time or place, and difficulty in solving problems or making decisions. As the disease progresses, individuals may experience disorientation, mood swings, difficulty speaking, and inability to perform daily tasks. In the advanced stages, patients often lose the ability to recognize loved ones or communicate effectively.
There is no cure for Alzheimer’s, but certain medications, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., Donepezil), can temporarily alleviate symptoms or slow progression. Other treatments focus on improving quality of life by managing symptoms and providing supportive care.
Preventive strategies include maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical activity, cognitive stimulation, and social engagement. Research is ongoing to better understand the disease and develop more effective treatments.
While Alzheimer’s can be devastating for both patients and families, early diagnosis and appropriate care can help manage symptoms and enhance quality of life.
