Periodontitis is a severe gum infection that damages the soft tissue and bone supporting the teeth, potentially leading to tooth loss if untreated. It develops from untreated gingivitis, where plaque buildup triggers inflammation. As the disease progresses, deep pockets form between the teeth and gums, harboring harmful bacteria that accelerate tissue destruction. Common symptoms include swollen, bleeding gums, bad breath, and loosening of teeth. Risk factors include poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, and genetic predisposition. Periodontitis is one of the leading causes of tooth loss worldwide, affecting millions. Effective management involves professional dental care, improved oral hygiene, and lifestyle changes to prevent further progression and restore gum health.
