Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by the scarring and thickening of lung tissue. This scarring, also known as fibrosis, makes the lungs stiff and reduces their ability to expand and contract properly. As the fibrosis worsens over time, it becomes increasingly difficult for oxygen to pass from the lungs into the bloodstream, leading to shortness of breath. The causes of PF are diverse and often remain unknown (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Known causes and associated conditions include exposure to certain environmental pollutants, some medications, radiation therapy, and connective tissue diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma. Symptoms typically develop gradually and include shortness of breath (initially during exertion and later at rest), a dry, hacking cough, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss.   Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for pulmonary fibrosis, and the scarring is irreversible. However, various treatments are available to help manage symptoms, slow down the progression of the disease, and improve quality of life. These include medications, pulmonary rehabilitation to improve exercise tolerance and breathing techniques, and in some cases, lung transplantation. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for individuals living with pulmonary fibrosis.